Assalamu alaikum, masu bibiyar wannan shafi na koyan turanci. Barkanmu da warhaka da kuma sake kasancewa daku a wani sabon darasin koyan turanci, wanda a cikinsa za muyi bayanin yadda ake amfani da kalmomin IN da ON tare da sunayen ababen hawa. Yana da kyau, ku fara karanta darasin da mu kayi a baya akan yadda ake amfani da kalmomin IN da ON tare da na'ura mai ƙwaƙwalwa da kuma intanet wanda darasi ne makamancin wannan. Waɗannan kalmomi guda biyu, kalmomi ne dake rukunin preposition, kuma kalmomi ne dake rikitar da ɗalibai da sauran masu magana da turanci. Domin sukan bayar da ma'ana kusan ɗaya wato sukanyi aiki kusan iri ɗaya a jimla. Wannan yasa wasu suke tunanin cewa kana iya amfani ɗaya a muhallin ɗan uwansa. Sai dai abun ba haka yake ba, domin kowacce daga kalmomin tana da muhallinta a cikin jimla. Yin amfani da wata kalma a muhallin wata baya daga cikin ƙa'idojin aiki da waɗannan kalmomi mafi gajerta kuma masu matukar muhimmanci a turanci.
Misali, idan wani yana baka labarin wani abu da ya faru a lokacin yana cikin jirgin sama, sai ka ji yace: I was in the aeroplane, a maimakon: I was on the aeroplane. Ko kuma idan zai baka labarin cewa ya ga wani a cikin ƙaramar mota kamar taksi, sai ka ji yace: I saw him at the taxi, a maimakon yace: I saw him in the taxi. Da sannu-sannu, zamu bambance muku hanyoyin da ake aiki da waɗannan kalmomi a ƙa'idance. Kawai ku kasance da wannan shafi namu na koyan turanci da ƙa'idojinsa a Hausance. Waɗannan gajerun kalmomi akanyi amfani da su a gurare dadama a turanci. Wannan yasa a darasi ɗaya ko biyu ba zamu iya kawo cikakkun bayanai game da yadda ake aiki dasu ba.
1. Yaushe ake amfani da kalmar IN?
Akan yi amfani da kalmar IN tare da sunan duk abun hawan da idan ka shiga cikinsa babu damar ka tsaya, ko kayi tafiya da ƙafafunka ko kuma ka tsaya a tsaye. Irin waɗannan ababen hawan sune ƙananun motoci kamar taksi (taxi), akori-kura (pick up), babbar mota (lorry), da kuma jirgi mai sauƙar angulu (helicopter) da sauransu.- Oh, I left my phone in the taxi. (Kash, na baro wayata a cikin taksin)
- A person can sleep in lorry. (Mutum zai iya kwanciya a babbar mota)
- You cannot walk in limousine. (Ba zaka iya tafiya da ƙafafunka a limozin ba)
2. Yaushe ake amfani da kalmar ON
Akan yi amfani da kalmar ON tare da sunan duk wani abun hawa wanda bayan ka shiga cikinsa, zaka iya tashi ka tsaya kuma kana iya yin tafiya a cikinsa. Irin waɗannan ababen hawan sune kamar motar bas (bus), jirgin ƙasa (train), jirgin sama (aeroplane), boat (kwalekwale) da kuma jirgin ruwa (ship) da sauransu.- She met them on schoolbus.(Ta haɗu da su a motar makaranta)
- I don't know why I can't sleep on aeroplanes. (Ban san me yasa bana iya bacci a jiragen sama ba)
- He sleeps on the train. (Ya kanyi bacci a jirgin ƙasa)
Ga misalan yadda ake aiki da waɗannan kalmomi na tafe:
Idan kana so kace: "ina cikin motar makarantar a lokacin da ka kirani" kamata yayi kace "I was on the school bus when you called me" bawai "I was in the school bus when you called me" ba.
Me yasa mu kayi amfani da ON a maimakon IN?
Idan muka dubi bayanan yaushe ake amfani da "ON" ko "IN" dake sama - zamu iya baiwa kanmu amsa. Domin munce duk abun hawan da bazaka iya tashi, ka tsaya ko yin tafiya da ƙafafunka a cikinsa ba, ana amfani da "IN" tare da shi. Amma wanda bayan ka shiga cikinsa, zaka iya tashi ka tsaya kuma ka yi tafiya a cikinsa, ana amfani da "ON" tare da shi.Sauran misalan su ne
- We were not on the boat when it capsized. (Ba ma kan kwalekwalen a lokacin da ya jirkice)
- Most of our importations are shipped on ships. (Mafi yawan kayan da ake shigo dasu ana shigar dasu ta jirgin ruwa)
- Four sacks of rice can be smuggled on a motorcycle. (Ana iya fasaƙaurin buhunan shinkafa guda huɗu a mashin ɗaya)
- They were in the helicopter when it landed shortly after it had taken off. (Suna cikin jirgi mai sauƙar angulun a lokacin da yayi sauƙar gaggawa bayan tashinsa.)
- You can't sleep in taxi. (Ba zaka iya bacci a cikin taksi ba)
Wannan shine bayanin yadda ake aiki da waɗannan kalmomi tare da misalan yadda ake aiki da su. Sannan yana da kyau, ku kawo naku misalan domin hakan zai nuna mana cewa kuna tare damu kuma kuna fahimtar darusan da muke wallafawa a shafin nan. Ka da kuma a manta ana iya rarraba wannan darasin ta hanyar WhatsApp ko Facebook ko Twitter da sauransu - domin wasu, su gani suzo su amfana da rubuce-rubucen da muke yi a shafin nan.
Haka kuma duk mai tambaya, sai ya je can ƙasa ya rubuta. Zai samu amsa idan Allah ya sa mun sani. A nan na ke cewa sai mun sake ganinku. Mun gode :)